Dinamika Gejala Infeksi Awal dan Penurunan Viabilitas Formulasi Kering Metarhizium anisopliae Selama Penyimpanan Tropis
Cylas formicarius, Lama simpan, Metarhizium anisopliae, Mortalitas kumulatif, Progresi gejala
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas formulasi bubuk kering Metarhizium anisopliae terhadap mortalitas kumulatif dan progresi gejala infeksi Cylas formicarius setelah penyimpanan dalam durasi berbeda di suhu ruang tropis. Uji bioefikasi dilakukan dengan enam perlakuan lama simpan (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6 bulan) serta pengamatan mortalitas kumulatif dan gejala infeksi visual selama 120 jam pasca inokulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi yang disimpan selama 1 bulan (P1) menghasilkan mortalitas kumulatif tertinggi sebesar 10% dalam waktu 120 jam, diikuti P2 (7%), P3 (5%), P4 (4%), P5 (3%), dan terendah P6 (2%). Progressi gejala infeksi mengikuti pola infeksi khas jamur entomopatogen, dimulai dari tidak ada perubahan pada 0–24 jam, perubahan warna tubuh pada 24–48 jam, tubuh lunak pada 48–72 jam, tubuh menghitam pada 72–96 jam, dan mumifikasi total pada 96–120 jam. Hasil analisis menggunakan grafik dual-axis menunjukkan korelasi yang kuat antara progresi gejala infeksi dan mortalitas kumulatif, di mana lonjakan mortalitas signifikan terjadi pada fase tubuh menghitam hingga mumifikasi. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa lama penyimpanan mempengaruhi viabilitas dan daya patogenik formulasi M. anisopliae, yang berdampak langsung terhadap kinetika infeksi dan tingkat mortalitas C. formicarius. Disarankan penggunaan formulasi kering dengan lama simpan maksimal 1–2 bulan untuk memperoleh efektivitas pengendalian hayati yang optimal.
Download
Belum ada
Referensi
Bayu, M. S. Y. I., & Prayogo, Y. (2016). Pengendalian hama penggerek ubi jalar Cylas formicarius (Fabricus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) menggunakan cendawan entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemen. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia, 13(1), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.13.1.40
Das, P., Hazarika, L. K., Bora, Puzari, K. C., & Kalita, S. (2013). Influence of Storage Conditions on Viability and Infectivity of talc based WP Formulation of Beauveria bassiana Against Rice Hispa, Dicladispa armigera (Olivier). Journal of Biological Control, 27(3), 229–233. https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2013/3284
Garcia Riaño, J. L., Quiroga-Cubides, G., Espinel, C., Gómez Valderrama, J. A., Gómez Álvarez, M. I., & Cortés-Rojas, D. F. (2022). Shelf-life study of oil-based formulations of Beauveria bassiana enriched with osmoprotectants: Effect on conidia germination and efficacy on Diatraea saccharalis. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 32(11), 1285–1301. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2022.2109126
Immediato, D., Iatta, R., Camarda, A., Giangaspero, A., Capelli, G., Figueredo, L. A., Otranto, D., & Cafarchia, C. (2017). Storage of Beauveria bassiana Conidia Suspension: A Study Exploring the Potential Effects on Conidial iability and Virulence against Dermanyssus gallinae De Geer, 1778 Acari: Dermanyssidae. Annals of Biological Sciences, 05(02). https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-1927.1000111
Ingle, Y. V. (2016). Shelf-life and infectivity study of carrier formulations of entomogenous fungusNomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson. ASIAN JOURNAL OF BIO SCIENCE, 11(2), 273–276. https://doi.org/10.15740/HAS/AJBS/11.2/273-276
Irawan, N., Purnomo, P., Indriyati, I., & Wibowo, L. (2015). Pengujian Formulasi Kering Metarhizium anisopliae Isolat Ugm Dan Tegineneng Serta Beauveria bassiana Isolat Tegineneng Untuk Mematikan Helopeltis spp. Di Laboratorium Dan Di Lapangan. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v3i1.1977
Karthi, S., Vasantha-Srinivasan, P., Senthil-Nathan, S., Han, Y. S., Shivakumar, M. S., Murali-Baskaran, R. K., Kalaivani, K., Radhakrishnan, N., Park, K. B., & Malafaia, G. (2024). Entomopathogenic fungi promising biocontrol agents for managing lepidopteran pests: Review of current knowledge. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 58, 103146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103146
Lapinangga, N. J., & da Lopez, Y. F. (2016). Efektivitas Cendawan Entomopatogen Isolat Lokal Terhadap Hama Kumbang Ubi Jalar Cylas formicarius fabricus. PARTNER, 21(2), 317. https://doi.org/10.35726/jp.v21i2.219
Lapinangga, N. J., & da Lopez, Y. F. (2018). Pemanfaatan Bahan Nabati Lokal Berefek Pestidida untuk Mengendalikan Hama Cylas formicarius pada Tanaman Ubi Jalar. Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 34–38. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrovigor.v11i1.3822
Lapinangga, N. J., Sonbai, J. H. H., & Bunga, J. A. (2022a). Adding Several Types of Insect Flour to Increase the Virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae Local Isolates against Pests Cylas formicarius. Ecology, Environment and Conservation, S38–S42. https://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022.v28i05s.007
Lapinangga, N. J., Sonbai, J. H. H., & Bunga, J. A. (2022b). Pengaruh Jenis Formulasi Terhadap Kualitas Jamur Entomopatogen Metarrhizium Anisopliae. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hasil-Hasil Penelitian, 5. https://ejurnal.politanikoe.ac.id/index.php/psnp/article/view/123
Lei, C. J., Ahmad, R. H. I. R., Halim, N. A., Asib, N., Zakaria, A., & Azmi, W. A. (2023). Bioefficacy of an Oil-Emulsion Formulation of Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae against Adult Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. Insects, 14(5), 482. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14050482
Litwin, A., Nowak, M., & Różalska, S. (2020). Entomopathogenic fungi: Unconventional applications. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 19(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-020-09525-1
Manikome, N. (2021). Pengendalian Hama Cylas Formicarius pada Tanaman Ubi Jalar (Ipomea Batatas L.) Menggunakan Cendawan Entomopatogen Metarhizium SP. JUSTE (Journal of Science and Technology), 1(2), 142–152.
Mannino, M. C., Davyt-Colo, B., & Pedrini, N. (2021). Toxic Secondary Metabolites and Virulence Factors Expression by Entomopathogenic Fungi during Insect Infection and Potential Impact as a Tool for Pest Management. Dalam Md. A. Khan & W. Ahmad (Ed.), Microbes for Sustainable lnsect Pest Management (Vol. 17, hlm. 121–134). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67231-7_6
Mantzoukas, S., Lagogiannis, I., Kitsiou, F., & Eliopoulos, P. A. (2023). Entomopathogenic Action of Wild Fungal Strains against Stored Product Beetle Pests. Insects, 14(1), 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14010091
Nuraida, & Lubis, A. (2016). Pengaruh Formulasi Dan Lama Penyimpanan Pada Viabilitas, Bioaktivitas Dan Persistensi Cendawan Metarhizium anisopliae Terhadap Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius. JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA, 16(2), 196. https://doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.216196-202
Ould Etheimine, M., Kane, C. M. H., Ould Ely, S., Barry, A., Mohamed, S. O., Babah, M. A. O., & Benchekroun, M. (2013). Storability of five new formulations of Green Muscle® (Metarhizium acridum) under ambient and low temperatures: Evaluation of conidial viability and virulence against desert locust nymphs. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 33(03), 195–201. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758413000131
Prisilya, E., Afifah, L., Sugiarto, S., & Kurniati, A. (2023). Uji Efektivitas Aplikasi Cendawan Entomopatogen Metarhizium anisopliae Terhadap Mortalitas Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.). JURNAL AGROPLASMA, 10(2), 776–784. https://doi.org/10.36987/agroplasma.v10i2.4503
Quesada-Moraga, E., González-Mas, N., Yousef-Yousef, M., Garrido-Jurado, I., & Fernández-Bravo, M. (2024). Key role of environmental competence in successful use of entomopathogenic fungi in microbial pest control. Journal of Pest Science, 97(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-023-01622-8
Shang, J., Hong, S., & Wang, C. (2024). Fights on the surface prior to fungal invasion of insects. PLOS Pathogens, 20(2), e1011994. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011994
Sonbai, J. H. H., & Lapinangga, N. J. (2023). Efektivitas Beberapa Media Perbanyakan Terhadap Perkembangan Jamur Entomopatogen Metarrhizium anisopliae Isolat Lokal. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hasil-Hasil Penelitian, 6. https://ejurnal.politanikoe.ac.id/index.php/psnp/article/view/292
Syazwan, S. A., Lee, S. Y., Sajap, A. S., Lau, W. H., Omar, D., & Mohamed, R. (2021). Interaction between Metarhizium anisopliae and Its Host, the Subterranean Termite Coptotermes curvignathus during the Infection Process. Biology, 10(4), 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040263
Zulfiana, D., Zulfitri, A., Lestari, A. S., Krishanti, N. P. R. A., & Meisyara, D. (2020). Production of Conidia by Entomopathogenic Fungi and Their Pathogenicity Against Coptotermes sp. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 12(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i1.22435
Das, P., Hazarika, L. K., Bora, Puzari, K. C., & Kalita, S. (2013). Influence of Storage Conditions on Viability and Infectivity of talc based WP Formulation of Beauveria bassiana Against Rice Hispa, Dicladispa armigera (Olivier). Journal of Biological Control, 27(3), 229–233. https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2013/3284
Garcia Riaño, J. L., Quiroga-Cubides, G., Espinel, C., Gómez Valderrama, J. A., Gómez Álvarez, M. I., & Cortés-Rojas, D. F. (2022). Shelf-life study of oil-based formulations of Beauveria bassiana enriched with osmoprotectants: Effect on conidia germination and efficacy on Diatraea saccharalis. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 32(11), 1285–1301. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2022.2109126
Immediato, D., Iatta, R., Camarda, A., Giangaspero, A., Capelli, G., Figueredo, L. A., Otranto, D., & Cafarchia, C. (2017). Storage of Beauveria bassiana Conidia Suspension: A Study Exploring the Potential Effects on Conidial iability and Virulence against Dermanyssus gallinae De Geer, 1778 Acari: Dermanyssidae. Annals of Biological Sciences, 05(02). https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-1927.1000111
Ingle, Y. V. (2016). Shelf-life and infectivity study of carrier formulations of entomogenous fungusNomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson. ASIAN JOURNAL OF BIO SCIENCE, 11(2), 273–276. https://doi.org/10.15740/HAS/AJBS/11.2/273-276
Irawan, N., Purnomo, P., Indriyati, I., & Wibowo, L. (2015). Pengujian Formulasi Kering Metarhizium anisopliae Isolat Ugm Dan Tegineneng Serta Beauveria bassiana Isolat Tegineneng Untuk Mematikan Helopeltis spp. Di Laboratorium Dan Di Lapangan. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v3i1.1977
Karthi, S., Vasantha-Srinivasan, P., Senthil-Nathan, S., Han, Y. S., Shivakumar, M. S., Murali-Baskaran, R. K., Kalaivani, K., Radhakrishnan, N., Park, K. B., & Malafaia, G. (2024). Entomopathogenic fungi promising biocontrol agents for managing lepidopteran pests: Review of current knowledge. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 58, 103146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103146
Lapinangga, N. J., & da Lopez, Y. F. (2016). Efektivitas Cendawan Entomopatogen Isolat Lokal Terhadap Hama Kumbang Ubi Jalar Cylas formicarius fabricus. PARTNER, 21(2), 317. https://doi.org/10.35726/jp.v21i2.219
Lapinangga, N. J., & da Lopez, Y. F. (2018). Pemanfaatan Bahan Nabati Lokal Berefek Pestidida untuk Mengendalikan Hama Cylas formicarius pada Tanaman Ubi Jalar. Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 34–38. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrovigor.v11i1.3822
Lapinangga, N. J., Sonbai, J. H. H., & Bunga, J. A. (2022a). Adding Several Types of Insect Flour to Increase the Virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae Local Isolates against Pests Cylas formicarius. Ecology, Environment and Conservation, S38–S42. https://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022.v28i05s.007
Lapinangga, N. J., Sonbai, J. H. H., & Bunga, J. A. (2022b). Pengaruh Jenis Formulasi Terhadap Kualitas Jamur Entomopatogen Metarrhizium Anisopliae. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hasil-Hasil Penelitian, 5. https://ejurnal.politanikoe.ac.id/index.php/psnp/article/view/123
Lei, C. J., Ahmad, R. H. I. R., Halim, N. A., Asib, N., Zakaria, A., & Azmi, W. A. (2023). Bioefficacy of an Oil-Emulsion Formulation of Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae against Adult Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. Insects, 14(5), 482. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14050482
Litwin, A., Nowak, M., & Różalska, S. (2020). Entomopathogenic fungi: Unconventional applications. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 19(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-020-09525-1
Manikome, N. (2021). Pengendalian Hama Cylas Formicarius pada Tanaman Ubi Jalar (Ipomea Batatas L.) Menggunakan Cendawan Entomopatogen Metarhizium SP. JUSTE (Journal of Science and Technology), 1(2), 142–152.
Mannino, M. C., Davyt-Colo, B., & Pedrini, N. (2021). Toxic Secondary Metabolites and Virulence Factors Expression by Entomopathogenic Fungi during Insect Infection and Potential Impact as a Tool for Pest Management. Dalam Md. A. Khan & W. Ahmad (Ed.), Microbes for Sustainable lnsect Pest Management (Vol. 17, hlm. 121–134). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67231-7_6
Mantzoukas, S., Lagogiannis, I., Kitsiou, F., & Eliopoulos, P. A. (2023). Entomopathogenic Action of Wild Fungal Strains against Stored Product Beetle Pests. Insects, 14(1), 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14010091
Nuraida, & Lubis, A. (2016). Pengaruh Formulasi Dan Lama Penyimpanan Pada Viabilitas, Bioaktivitas Dan Persistensi Cendawan Metarhizium anisopliae Terhadap Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius. JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA, 16(2), 196. https://doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.216196-202
Ould Etheimine, M., Kane, C. M. H., Ould Ely, S., Barry, A., Mohamed, S. O., Babah, M. A. O., & Benchekroun, M. (2013). Storability of five new formulations of Green Muscle® (Metarhizium acridum) under ambient and low temperatures: Evaluation of conidial viability and virulence against desert locust nymphs. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 33(03), 195–201. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758413000131
Prisilya, E., Afifah, L., Sugiarto, S., & Kurniati, A. (2023). Uji Efektivitas Aplikasi Cendawan Entomopatogen Metarhizium anisopliae Terhadap Mortalitas Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.). JURNAL AGROPLASMA, 10(2), 776–784. https://doi.org/10.36987/agroplasma.v10i2.4503
Quesada-Moraga, E., González-Mas, N., Yousef-Yousef, M., Garrido-Jurado, I., & Fernández-Bravo, M. (2024). Key role of environmental competence in successful use of entomopathogenic fungi in microbial pest control. Journal of Pest Science, 97(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-023-01622-8
Shang, J., Hong, S., & Wang, C. (2024). Fights on the surface prior to fungal invasion of insects. PLOS Pathogens, 20(2), e1011994. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011994
Sonbai, J. H. H., & Lapinangga, N. J. (2023). Efektivitas Beberapa Media Perbanyakan Terhadap Perkembangan Jamur Entomopatogen Metarrhizium anisopliae Isolat Lokal. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hasil-Hasil Penelitian, 6. https://ejurnal.politanikoe.ac.id/index.php/psnp/article/view/292
Syazwan, S. A., Lee, S. Y., Sajap, A. S., Lau, W. H., Omar, D., & Mohamed, R. (2021). Interaction between Metarhizium anisopliae and Its Host, the Subterranean Termite Coptotermes curvignathus during the Infection Process. Biology, 10(4), 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040263
Zulfiana, D., Zulfitri, A., Lestari, A. S., Krishanti, N. P. R. A., & Meisyara, D. (2020). Production of Conidia by Entomopathogenic Fungi and Their Pathogenicity Against Coptotermes sp. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 12(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i1.22435
Diterbitkan sejak
28-12-2025
Rekomendasi Sitasi
Lapinangga, N., da Lopez, Y., Bunga, J., & Mateus, R. (2025). Dinamika Gejala Infeksi Awal dan Penurunan Viabilitas Formulasi Kering Metarhizium anisopliae Selama Penyimpanan Tropis. Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu, 13(2), 213-224. https://doi.org/10.36084/jpt.v13i2.648
Bagian
Artikel
Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional. Pemegang hak cipta adalah penulis sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku.
